Sacred Symbols: The Controversial Landscape of Public Religious Expression

For generations, churches have been a cornerstone of Black cultural empowerment and community leadership, according to Cathy Burley, resource coordinator for the West Virginia Black Heritage Festival. These sacred spaces have historically provided African Americans with critical opportunities to develop leadership skills, build social networks, and create platforms for collective action and personal growth.
Within the walls of Black churches, community members have found not just spiritual guidance, but also a powerful avenue for social organization, political engagement, and personal development. These institutions have served as much more than religious centers—they have been vital incubators of social change, resilience, and cultural identity.